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''Homo rhodesiensis'' is an extinct hominin species of the genus ''Homo'', described from the fossil ''Kabwe skull''. Other morphologically-comparable remains have been found from the same, East Africa (Bodo, Ndutu, Eyasi, Ileret) and North Africa (Salé, Rabat, Dar-es-Soltane, Djbel Irhoud, Sidi Aberrahaman, Tighenif). These remains were dated between 300,000 and 125,000 years old. ''Homo rhodesiensis'' is now regarded by some scientists as another name for ''Homo heidelbergensis''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Kabwe 1 )〕 ==Discovery== Kabwe 1, also called the Broken Hill skull, was assigned by Arthur Smith Woodward in 1921 as the type specimen for ''Homo rhodesiensis''; today most scientists now assign it to ''Homo heidelbergensis''.〔 The cranium was found in a lead and zinc mine in Broken Hill, Northern Rhodesia (now Kabwe, Zambia) in 1921 by Tom Zwiglaar, a Swiss miner. In addition to the cranium, an upper jaw from another individual, a sacrum, a tibia, and two femur fragments were also found. The skull was dubbed "Rhodesian Man" at the time of the find, but is now commonly referred to as the Broken Hill skull or the Kabwe cranium. The association between the bones is unclear, but the tibia and femur fossils are usually associated with the skull. Rhodesian Man is dated to be between 125,000 and 300,000 years old. Cranial capacity of the Broken Hill skull has been estimated at 1,230 cm³.〔Rightmire, G. Philip. (The Evolution of Homo Erectus: Comparative Anatomical Studies of an Extinct Human Species ) Cambridge University Press, 1993. ISBN 0-521-44998-7, ISBN 978-0-521-44998-4.〕 Bada, & al., (1974) published the direct date of 110 ka for this specimen measured by aspartic acid racemisation.〔Bada, Jeffrey L., Roy A. Schroeder, Reiner Protsch, and Rainer Berger. (Concordance of Collagen-Based Radiocarbon and Aspartic-Acid Racemization Ages ) PNAS abstract URL.〕〔(Amino Acid Racemization Dating of Fossil Bones )〕 The destruction of the paleoanthropological site has made layered dating impossible. The skull is from an extremely robust individual, and has the comparatively largest brow-ridges of any known hominid remains. It was described as having a broad face similar to ''Homo neanderthalensis'' (i.e. large nose and thick protruding brow ridges), and has been interpreted as an "African Neanderthal". However, when regarding the skull's extreme robustness, recent research has pointed to several features intermediate between modern ''Homo sapiens'' and Neanderthal. Another specimen, "the hominid from Lake Ndutu" may approach 400,000 years old; Clarke in 1976 classified it as ''Homo erectus''. Indirect cranial capacity estimate is 1100 ml. Its supratoral sulcus morphology and the presence of protuberance as suggested by Philip Rightmire "give the Nudutu occiput an appearance which is also unlike that of ''Homo erectus''", but Stinger (1986) pointed out that a ''thickened iliac pillar'' is typical for ''Homo erectus''.〔The Evolution of Homo Erectus: Comparative Anatomical Studies of an Extinct Human Species By G. Philip Rightmire Published by Cambridge University Press, 1993 ISBN 0-521-44998-7, ISBN 978-0-521-44998-4 ()〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Homo rhodesiensis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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